Chickenpox vs Monkeypox in Monsoon: Key Differences and Risks

Causes and Transmission

Chickenpox is caused by the highly contagious virus, the varicella-zoster virus which spreads primarily through direct contact with the infected person's skin lesions or respiratory droplets. This virus can also be transmitted through contact with any contaminated surface or object. Interestingly, the varicella-zoster virus can remain dormant in the body and reactivate later in life, causing a condition known as shingles.

On the other hand, monkeypox is caused by the monkeypox virus, which belongs to Orthopoxvirus genus. Monkeypox is less contagious than chickenpox and is typically transmitted through close physical contact with an infected individual, his/her bodily fluids, or contaminated materials. The virus can also spread through respiratory droplets during face-to-face conversations for extended periods. There is further proof that the monkeypox virus can be transferred through intimate contact. This, therefore, clearly shows the reason for higher levels of watchfulness and learning the dissimilarities highlighting chicken pox vs monkeypox.

Symptoms and Complications

The symptoms of chickenpox and monkeypox can be similar, but there are some key distinctions —

Chickenpox

• Characteristic itchy, fluid-filled blisters that develop all over the body

• Fever, fatigue, and headache

• The rash typically appears first on the face, chest, and back, then spreads to the rest of the body

• The rash can leave behind scars, especially if the blisters are scratched or become infected

Monkeypox

• Flu-like symptoms like fever, muscle aches, headaches, and fatigue

• Distinctive rash that starts on the face, arms, and legs and can spread to other parts of the body

• The rash may appear as raised bumps, blisters, or pustules

• Lymph node swelling is a common symptom of monkeypox

• The monkeypox rash can be more painful and take longer to heal compared to chickenpox

While both conditions are generally self-limiting, complications can occur, especially in vulnerable populations.

Chickenpox can lead to secondary bacterial infections, pneumonia, and encephalitis (brain inflammation). Monkeypox, on the other hand, can result in more severe complications, such as blindness, sepsis, and even death, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. In rare cases, monkeypox can also cause long-term complications, such as chronic pain, scarring, and neurological issues.

Treatment Options

There is no specific treatment for chickenpox or monkeypox, as both are viral infections. Treatment is focused on the symptoms, in addition to preventing any possible complications.

Chickenpox

• Over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers and antihistamines to alleviate itching and discomfort

• Calamine lotion or colloidal oatmeal baths to soothe the skin

• Antiviral medications may be prescribed in certain cases, especially for high-risk individuals or those with severe symptoms

• Individuals with secondary bacterial infections may sometimes require antibiotics for treatment

Monkeypox

• Supportive care, including pain management, fluids, and rest

• Antiviral medications may be used in severe cases or for individuals at high risk of complications

• Vaccination with the smallpox vaccine can provide some protection against monkeypox, though the effectiveness may vary

• In rare cases, hospitalisation may be necessary for those with severe monkeypox symptoms or complications

It’s important to note that the severity and potential complications of monkeypox can be more severe than those of chickenpox. Additionally, the use of antiviral medications and vaccines for monkeypox is an evolving area, and healthcare professionals should be consulted for the most up-to-date guidance.

FAQs

1. How do I differentiate between chickenpox and monkeypox rashes?

Chickenpox rash typically appears as itchy, fluid-filled blisters that develop all over the body. Monkeypox rash often starts on the face, legs, and arms and can appear in the form of raised bumps, blisters, or pustules.

2. Is it possible to get both chickenpox and monkeypox at the same time?

Yes, it is possible to be infected with both viruses concurrently, as they are caused by different pathogens.

3. Can people who have been vaccinated against smallpox still get monkeypox?

Yes, even individuals who have been vaccinated against smallpox can still develop monkeypox, as the vaccines may not provide complete protection.

4. What are the long-term consequences of monkeypox compared to chickenpox?

Monkeypox can lead to more severe complications, including blindness, sepsis, and even death, particularly in vulnerable populations. Chickenpox is generally less severe but can still result in complications like secondary bacterial infections and brain inflammation.

5. How can I inhibit the spread of chickenpox or monkeypox during the monsoon season?

Maintain good hygiene practices like frequent handwash and avoiding close contact with infected individuals. Wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE) when caring for someone with either condition. Seek medical attention immediately if experiencing symptoms of either chickenpox or monkeypox.