Strep Throat - Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis

Based on your symptoms, following tests will be conducted —

• Physical Examination

Your doctor will conduct a thorough examination to assess the signs and symptoms of strep throat.

• Rapid Antigen Test

A quick swab sample from your throat is tested for strep bacteria, providing rapid results by detecting specific substances (antigens).

• Molecular (PCR) Test

Another swab sample is used to conduct a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, identifying the presence of strep bacteria.

• Throat Culture

A sterile swab is used to collect secretions from the throat and tonsils and is cultured in a lab to confirm bacterial presence. It may take up to two days to receive the results.

Strep Throat Treatment

Your doctor will decide the treatment mode based on the infection's severity. Here are the treatment options:

1. Antibiotics or Medications

• Your doctor is likely to prescribe oral antibiotics if strep throat is diagnosed, aiming to reduce symptom duration and severity when taken within 48 hours of onset.

• Early antibiotic use also lowers the risk of complications and prevents the spread of infection.

• Improvement should be noticeable within a day or two; you must contact your doctor if no progress is observed after 48 hours.

• Children on antibiotics can usually return to school or child care 24 hours after treatment, provided they no longer have a fever. However, completing the full course is crucial to avoid recurrences and severe complications.

2. Symptom Relievers

• Over-the-counter pain relievers prescribed by your doctors will help alleviate throat pain and reduce fever.

• Caution is advised when giving certain medications to children or teenagers, especially after chickenpox or flu-like symptoms, as these have been linked to rare but potentially life-threatening conditions in this demographic.

Self-Care Remedies

Here are some home remedies or self-care tips to ease the symptoms of strep throat —

• Rest

Prioritise rest to support the body's infection-fighting efforts. If diagnosed with strep throat, consider taking time off work; keep children at home until the fever subsides and there is an improvement for at least 24 hours after taking an antibiotic.

• Hydration

Drink ample water to maintain a lubricated and moist throat, facilitating easier swallowing and preventing dehydration.

• Soothing Foods

Consume easy-to-swallow foods like broths, soups, applesauce, mashed potatoes, and yoghurt. Cold options like sherbet or frozen fruit pops can also be soothing; avoid spicy or acidic foods.

• Gargle with Warm Salt Water

For adults and older children, gargling with warm salt water several times a day can relieve throat pain.

• Honey

This is a natural remedy for soothing sore throats; however, it should not be given to children under 12 months.

• Humidifier Use

Employ a cool-mist humidifier to add moisture to the air, aiding in the relief of discomfort. Regular cleaning is essential to prevent bacterial and mould growth. Saline nasal sprays also help maintain mucous membrane moisture.

• Avoid Irritants

Steer clear of irritants, such as cigarette smoke, which can worsen a sore throat and increase infection risks. Additionally, avoid fumes from paint or cleaning products that may irritate the throat and lungs.

Conclusion

It’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Treating strep throat promptly with antibiotics is important to prevent potential complications and reduce the risk of spreading infection to others. If you suspect you have strep throat, it’s advisable to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment.

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Sources: webmd.com, mayoclinic.org

Disclaimer: This blog provides general information and discussions about health and related subjects. The information and other content provided in this blog, website or any linked materials are not intended and should not be considered or used as a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Kindly contact your doctor before starting a new medicine or health regime.

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Published on January 16, 2024