What are the types of depression?

The word ‘depression’ is now used quite regularly. Anyone feeling mildly sad also says that he/she is depressed. We need to make sure we do not trivialise this mental condition that can put people in life-threatening situations if not treated. A person suffering from depression can experience emotional fatigue, a sense of emptiness, hopelessness, or an extreme lack of interest or enjoyment. While treatment options are available, one must first identify the type of depression they are suffering from. Read on to know more.

The different types of depression are —

1. Major Depression

Also known as major depressive disorder, this is the most severe form of depression. If you are in a constant state of sadness most days for at least two weeks, you will be diagnosed with this disorder. Other symptoms include sleep problems, feeling worthless, restless or agitated, losing interest in daily activities, etc. Major depression can be of many types, like anxious distress, feeling agitated, and experiencing melancholy.

2. Persistent Depressive Disorder

If you have been suffering from depression for two years or more, it is called persistent depressive disorder. Symptoms include low self-esteem, feelings of hopelessness, lack of energy, sleep issues, eating too much or not eating enough, etc.

3. Bipolar Disorder

One experiences extreme mood swings ranging from high energy levels to feelings of sadness and emptiness. Bipolar Disorder is also known as manic depression, and treatment may involve medication and therapy.

4. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Seasonal Affective Disorder usually occurs during winter and goes away during summer and spring. During winter, the days become smaller, and you get less sunlight. Treatment involves antidepressants and light therapy. The person has to sit in front of a special bright light box for about 15-30 minutes every day.

5. Psychotic Depression

If an individual shows signs related to both major depression and psychotic symptoms, such as paranoia, delusions, or hallucinations, it’s a sign of psychotic depression.

6. Postpartum Depression

This is one of the most common types of depression women experience after childbirth. Postpartum Depression can continue for months or years.

7. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

Women go through this at the start of their periods, along with other symptoms like anxiety, irritability, mood swings, fatigue, etc.

8. Situational Depression

As the name suggests, this type of depression is based on a particular situation or a stressful event, such as a death in the family, marital issues, job loss, etc.

9. Atypical Depression

Unlike typical depression, atypical depression can up your mood temporarily due to any positive events.

10. Treatment Resistant Depression

If symptoms of depression don’t improve even after treatment, you may be suffering from treatment-resistant depression. Conventional treatments don’t help in treating this type of depression. Even if symptoms improve, they will keep coming back.