Which Bacteria Is Responsible For Cholera?

What Causes Cholera?

The bacterium responsible for cholera is Vibrio cholerae. This gram-negative bacterium has a curved, rod-like shape and thrives in warm, brackish waters, typically in regions where sanitation is poor. Vibrio cholerae produces a potent toxin that triggers the characteristic symptoms of cholera, including severe diarrhoea and dehydration. The bacteria’s ability to survive in aquatic environments and its resistance to harsh conditions make it particularly dangerous, as it can spread rapidly through contaminated water and food.

Mode of Transmission

The cholera bacteria, primarily Vibrio Cholerae, are transmitted mainly through the following modes:

• Drinking or using water contaminated from an infected person is the most common transmission route.

• Eating food washed with contaminated water can lead to cholera infection.

• In rare cases, cholera can spread through direct contact with the faeces of an infected person.

• In regions with poor water management, cholera bacteria can survive in water for extended periods, making it a persistent threat.

Impact on Public Health

Cholera has significant impact on public health, including high morbidity and mortality rate especially in vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly. Secondly, cholera outbreaks can overwhelm healthcare systems, leading to increased hospitalizations. It can have social unrest and displacement, and economic consequences due to increased healthcare costs and loss of productivity. Survivors of this disease may suffer from long-term health issues, including malnutrition and chronic diarrhoea.

FAQs

1. Which bacteria is responsible for cholera?

The bacterium responsible for cholera is Vibrio cholerae.

2. How does Vibrio cholerae spread?

Vibrio cholerae spreads primarily through contaminated water or food, often in areas with poor or inadequate sanitation.

3. What are the symptoms of cholera?

Cholera typically causes severe diarrhoea and dehydration, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.