What is Prostate Cancer? Symptoms and Treatment

Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer in the world. Statistics state that 1 in 8 men will develop prostate cancer in their lifetime. The good news is that prostate cancer can be treated and it does not generally lead to fatality, unless ignored for too long. But first, what is prostate cancer?

What is prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the prostate gland, which is a small, walnut-sized organ located below the bladder in men. The prostate gland produces seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. Prostate cancer occurs when cells in the prostate gland start to grow uncontrollably. The cancer spreads quickly in some cases, and treatment options depend on the stage and extent of the cancer.

Symptoms of Prostate Cancer

Knowing what is prostate cancer is not enough; you must also know what symptoms to look out for. In its early stage, prostate cancer may cause no signs or symptoms or the symptoms may be so mild or generic that it may be un-noticeable.

Prostate cancer that's more advanced may cause signs and symptoms such as

• Difficulty urinating

• Frequent urination

• Blood in the urine or semen

• Pain in the lower back, hips, or pelvis, and

• Erectile dysfunction.

Screening — an effective solution

As prostate cancer often does not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages, regular screenings, such as PSA (prostate-specific antigen) tests and digital rectal exams are essential for early detection. This can help in preventing it from becoming a metastatic disease that affects many others parts of your body. Screening is advisable when you turn 40, especially if there is a family history of cancer.

Treatment options for prostate cancer may include surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, or active surveillance. The choice of treatment is typically determined by the specific characteristics of the cancer and the patient's overall health. Early detection and appropriate treatment can significantly improve the chances of a successful outcome for prostate cancer patients.